Tag Archives: Basil the Great

#391 – A History of the Catholic Church – Liturgies in the East

The fourth century saw important developments in the diversification of liturgical practice in the main cities of the Roman Empire while also continuing to express key theological doctrines. The way that Christians worshiped 1600 years ago continues to influence the way that Christians worship today.

Links:

Icon of Saint Basil the Great celebrating the liturgy

Brief description of the different Liturgical families and a <a href="chart showing their relationship

Euchologian of Serapion of Thumis
Anaphora/Eucharistic Prayer begins on page 60

The Apostolic Constitutions
Liturgy of The Apostolic Constitutions – the Liturgical texts begin in Book III

Liturgy of Saint James
Anaphora/Eucharistic Prayer
Full Liturgy of Saint James
Video of celebration of Liturgy of Saint James

Greek Liturgy of Saint Basil the Great
Full Greek Liturgy of Saint Basil
Video of Greek Liturgy of Saint Basil

Liturgy of Saint John Chrysostom
Full Liturgy of Saint John Chrysostom
Video of Liturgy of Saint John Chrysostom

Liturgy of Saint Mark/Cyril
Anaphroa/Eucharistic Prayer
Full Liturgy of Saint Mark
Video of Liturgy of Saint Cyril

Coptic Liturgy of Saint Basil
Full Coptic Liturgy of Saint Basil
Video of Coptic Liturgy of Saint Basil

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#391 – A History of the Catholic Church – Liturgies in the East

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#390 – A History of the Catholic Church – Penance

While adult baptism was the norm at the end of the 4th century, sometimes there were exceptions. Moreover, as the Church increasingly encouraged earlier baptisms, so did the number of those needing to avail themselves of the possibility of reconciliation increase.

Links:

Painting of Saint Fabiola by Jean-Jacques Henner

Basil of Caesarea’s recommended penances for serious sins

Letter of Saint Jerome on Saint Fabiola

Ambrose’s Eulogy of Valentinian II – important in development of theology of Baptism of Desire

Ambrose on Penance – Book I and Book II

Apostolic Constitutions – Book VIII, Chapter 9 concerns penance

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#390 – A History of the Catholic Church – Penance

#372 – A History of the Catholic Church – Separation from the World

Amidst all the problems of the Trinitarian Controversy, we should not lose sight of the desire of all Christians to grow in holiness and closer to Christ. This week, we look at the advice of Basil of Caesarea for separating oneself from sin and joining oneself to Jesus.

Links:
Painting of Saint Basil dictating his rule by Francisco de Herrera

Life of Saint Theodora of Alexandria

Selections from the Rule of Saint Basil

Discussion of the different texts of Basil mentioned in this episode.

Joseph Ballan, “Basil of Caesarea on the Ascetic Craft: The Invention of the Ascetic Community and the Spiritualization of Work in the Asketikon,” The Heythrop Journal, LII (2011), pp. 559-568.

Charles A. Frazee, “Anatolian Asceticism in the Fourth Century,” The Catholic Historical Review, Vol. 66, No. 1 (Jan. 1980), pp. 16-33.

Anna M. Silvas, “Edessa to Cassino: The Passage of Basil’s Asketikon to the West”, Vigiliae Christianae, 56 (2002), 247-259.

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#372 – A History of the Catholic Church – Separation from the World

#368 – A History of the Catholic Church – Divided Empire/Divided Church

While the Trinitarian Controversy focused on the relationship of the Son of God to the Father, the growing Christological Controversy will focus on the relationship of the Son of God to humanity. The rise of the Apollinarian Heresy brings with it the next major threat to Christian unity. In the West, Ambrose becomes bishop of Milan and Valentinian goes to his heavenly reward. In the East, Basil continues to struggle against Valens.

Links:

Fr. Seraphim’s Amazon Wish List for Christmas

Coin showing Valentinian and Valens from the Classical Numismatic Group, Inc

Writings of Apollinaris of Laodicea

Joseph T. Lienhard, “Two Friends of Athanasius: Marcellus of Ancrya and Apollinaris of Laodicea”, Zeitschrift für Antikes Christentum 10, no. 1: 56-66.

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#368 – A History of the Catholic Church – Divided Empire/Divided Church

#367 – A History of the Catholic Church – The Enemy of My Enemy

Basil tries to unite the homoousians and the homoiousians against Emperor Valens. However, despite Valens’ persecution of bishops and monks, Bishop Damasus of Rome and Paul II of Alexandria continue to mistrust Basil and his allies. Moreover, debates about the Holy Spirit compound the Trinitarian Controversy.

Links:

Fr. Seraphim’s Amazon Wish List for Christmas

Painting of The Mass of Saint Basil the Great by Pierre Subleyras – Emperor Valens is in attendance.

Statue of Athanasius in Saint Peter’s Basilica by Bernini – Athansius is second from left.

Basil’s “On the Holy Spirit”

Noel Lenski, “Valens and the Monks: Cudgeling and Conscription as a Means of Social Control”, Dumbarton Oaks Papers 58 (2004): 93-117.

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#367 – A History of the Catholic Church – The Enemy of My Enemy

#366 – A History of the Catholic Church – The Cappadocians

Saints Macrina the Younger, Basil the Great, Saint Gregory of Nyssa and Saint Gregory Nazianzen, the Cappadocians, were some of the most influential theologians in the history of the Church – especially in the development of the doctrine of the Trinity. There lives bring together many of the themes we have already explored – the Christinization of the Roman elite, monasticism, and the role of the bishops. We also learn the importance of staying awake during Liturgy.

Image comparing Cappadocian and Augustinian understandings of the Trinity

Links:

Fr. Seraphim’s Amazon Wish List for Christmas

Photo of icon of Saints Basil, Gregory Nazianzen and Gregory of Nyssa by Badly Drawn Dad

Saint Macrina the Younger
Life by Saint Gregory of Nyssa

Saint Basil the Great
Writings of Saint Basil the Great
Altar of Saint Basil in St. Peter’s in Rome

Saint Gregory of Nyssa
Writings of Gregory of Nyssa
On the Soul and the Resurrection
“On the Soul and the Resurrection commentary

Saint Gregory Nazianzen
Orations of Saint Gregory Nazianzen
Statue of Saint Gregory in colonnade at Saint Peter’s in Rome

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#366 – A History of the Catholic Church – The Cappadocians