The death of Jovian leads to the advent of the Valentinian Dynasty and the split of the empire between the pro-Nicene Valentinian in the West and his pro-Homoean brother Valens as ruler of the East. Divisions in the Church continue due to the Trinitarian Controversy. In Rome, Damasus and Ursinus struggle for power.

Links:

Image of conflict between supporters of Damasus and Ursinus by Jan Luyken in Tafereelen der eerste Christenen 1740.

Map of Roman Empire at time of Valentinian and Valens

Pages with images and information on Damasus’ Philocalian script

Damasus of Rome: The Epigraphic Poetry by Dennis Trout

Malcolm R. Green, “The Supporters of the Antipope Ursinus”, The Journal of Theological Studies, New Series, Vol. 22, No. 2 (October 1971), pp. 531-538.

Jacob A. Latham, “From Literal to Spiritual Soldiers of Christ: Disputed Episcopal Elections and the Advent of Christian Processions in Late Antique Rome”, Church History, 81:2 (June 2012), pp. 293-327.

Harry O. Maier, “The Topography of Heresy and Dissent in Late-Fourth-Century Rome”, Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geshichte, Bd. 44, H. 2 (2nd Qtr. 1995), pp. 232-249.

Marianne Sághy, “Scinditur in partes populous: Pope Damasus and the Martyrs of Rome”, Early Medieval Europe, 9 (3), 2000, pp. 273-287.

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